A Virtual Private Network allows an organisation to join the Local Area Networks at two or more locations together using an encrypted connection over the Internet. This allows users to securely access information wherever it may be located on the network.

The following illustration depicts a very simple VPN. This would allow remote users at an organisation’s branch office to securely access the IT resources, such as servers and printers, at head office.

The principal advantages of a VPN over traditional computer network solutions are:

• Security — all data is encrypted, typically using a 168 bit key, making it extremely secure
• Cost — replacing private circuits (leased lines) can save a considerable amount of money on an annual basis
• Flexibility — almost all IP (Internet Protocol) traffic and hence applications can be routed through a VPN

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